Virginia Fertility & IVF

I will start by saying this: We would not be where we are with our 2 month old miracle girl, without Dr. Smith and Dr. Goodman! We battled 8 years of infertility before giving this clinic a chance. We were SO close to defeat when we made our first visit, but we are so glad we did! The medical care we received is unmatched. We are very blessed and cant thank them enough. The nurses are also incredible! Understanding, compassionate, and nurturing!However, the treatment we received from the billing department and front desk (specifically Taylor) is the reason we would have a hard time recommending VAIVF to any friends or family members. When couples are going through something so discouraging, you would expect a little more compassion and clarity from their position. We received far lass than that on multiple occasions. It was truly a consistent headache to deal with - the communication is absolutely awful.If you can overlook that, the doctors & nurses are undoubtedly worth working with.

5 stars just isn’t enough to express my deep gratitude for Virginia Fertility and IVF. I have never met a practice who is so sincere and engaged in each of their patients. From the front desk staff, to the nurses, everyone we encountered was friendly and helpful. Dr Goodman and Dr Smith are top notch doctors and what I consider experts in their field. Not only are they incredibly smart, but they are incredibly compassionate and truly care about their patients. My husband and I are forever thankful for the exceptional care that we received and we would recommend this practice to anyone experiencing infertility. “Thank you” just isn’t enough!

I have done 4 IVF cycles through VA IVF as a gestational surrogate- they are hands down the best, most responsive clinic I have ever worked with. All the doctors are open to listening to your concerns and suggestions, they will make changes if needed and are always open to trying new things and listening to their patients. You always feel supported by the staff. It is easy and quick to get an appointment. The care is top notch. Huge shout out to Dr Goodman, Dr Williams, and our IVF nurse Tara, who never took less than 10 minutes to reply to our 100 emails of questions. Thanks to VA IVF, 2 families have been completed with their rainbow babies 🌈🫶🏻🤍

I am grateful for the thoughtful care I received at Virginia Fertility and IVF. They managed to communicate complicated and often difficult-to-hear information in a helpful and understandable way. I was encourged by the explanations I received and the tailored plan that was created for me. The clinic is beautiful - it is a peaceful environment which is appreciated during often stressful processes. The doctors and staff are kind and patient and the their work is excellent. We were ultimately able to have our rainbow baby thanks to this clinic and I am forever thankful.

We moved to the Charlottesville area when pregnant with first child via IVF at an out of state clinic near our previous home. When it came time to try for our second child, we were so happy to find Virginia IVF for our monitoring appointments. The staff is so lovely and kind, and the clinic is peaceful and clean. IVF is already an incredibly stressful process, and Virginia IVF has helped make it less stressful as we hope to grow our family.

My husband and I have been together 17 years. We got married in September of 2023. We decided at that time we wanted to really try to have kids now. We were both sober, active in church and reborn again so it was the perfect time in our lives to start our family. Month after month went by with no success, I called you guys in February 2024 you got us each seen quickly on March 2024 we had our first IUI procedure done by the end of March I was pregnant and we are expecting our first Daughter - Jordyn Nicole on Dec 9 2024! I wanted to tell our story because I was so down because women were posting in groups they had to go through 4-5 IUIs then IVF with failed attempts and it was sad to think! But God pulled this 1 time through for us and we are forever grateful to him and the team of doctors and nurses at VA Fertility

I loved my experience with this Virginia fertility and IVF! Dr. Smith was my primary doctor, but I felt I got to know each of the physicians well in the practice. I felt I was heard and felt I could 100% trust my team’s judgement. I appreciated how they practiced evidence based care in a sphere where there is a lot of misinformation online. The nurses were so nice, and it was such a comforting environment to be in throughout my care. I honestly miss seeing everyone! I would not hesitate to get my care here again.

We have been patients of VA Fertility & IVF since 2020, I couldn’t imagine going to any other fertility clinic. Dr. Goodman, Dr. Ryan Smith, the IVF nurses & all of staff have become like family & we will be forever grateful for their knowledge, kindness & compassion. Infertility is a tough road, full of ups and downs (we’ve had our fair share of both) but I have always felt that VA Fertility has had our best interest at heart. Our journey continues as we try for #2 but we owe so much gratitude to VA Fertility & IVF.

Virginia Fertility and IVF never made us feel like another statistic. Everyone in the office greets you with kindness and compassion. They are so supportive through every step of the journey. The fertility support group was an awesome resource to utilized! Sometimes all you need is a good medical team who really cares and makes you feel comfortable.

Having tried for over four years to get pregnant naturally, we sought help from Virginia fertility and IVF.I can’t say enough good things about every doctor, nurse and front desk staff. We truly felt valued and cared for throughout our whole journey.Our second transfer was successful and we welcomed our baby boy March 3rd of this year.I am forever grateful for this clinic.

Trigger Warning: SuccessBefore we came and worked with Virginia Fertility & IVF we were working with another clinic Virginia Beach. It was the most terrible and traumatizing experience. After a failed IVF cycle we were convinced that we would never be able to get pregnant.After a year of break we decided to consult Dr. Smith. She was very honest, hopeful, scientific and she answered all of our questions patiently. We were so impressed we decided to try again with them. The clinic was 4.5 hours away from us but we decided that we rather work with a clinic that we can 100% trust and feel like we are human beings.After only 1 egg retrieval and 2 transfers we were able to get pregnant. I still can’t believe it happened for us.The reason I am giving them a 5 star however is not because we are pregnant. I would have given them a 5 star no matter what the outcome was and there are several reasons for that.1) They are always honest with you. Whatever they tell you about your chances or condition is 100% correct and a on point diagnosis.2) They returned back every single phone call I made to them in 1-2 hours. And I called them may be at least 50 times with medical questions and sometimes silly questions. The IVF nurses were always understanding and answering my questions. This is sooo important in the infertility journey.3) I never waited in the waiting room more than 5 minutes. This shows they don’t overbook it and they respect your time. They were always on time or even early for my appointments.4) Scientifc, well-researched, up to date medical approach and advice. Help me have a very easy egg retrieval, very easy transfers. They don’t overload your body with unnecessary medication.5) Compassion and friendliness of all the staff. During the hard days this meant so much.They are so loving and caring that at some point in my journey when I walked in the clinic I started feeling like I was coming home, or a close friends house :)Not a medical facility. They also offer free group therapy sessions which help me tremendously!6) After the first failed transfer they changed their approach for the second one completely, did further tests thus helped us lead to a successful second transfer. They do not try one method they change methods accordingly for your needs.We thank all of the staff. I want to thank Dr. Smith especially for always being honest with us, for always leading us the right way, for being so caring. Thank you Dr. Willams for all the amazing ultrasounds after we got pregnant and answering our questions. Dr. Goodman for the easiest egg retrieval.. Tara and Kari for answering all my questions EVERY SINGLE TIME :) and all the other staff.Thank you for making this incredibly hard journey easier for us. We are forever grateful.

We had a horrible experience with this place. It seemed that the focus was more on profit rather than patient care. Laura Smith, who created our treatment plan, appeared to base it primarily on our insurance coverage rather than our actual medical needs. Both she and her nurses were consistently rude and aggressive. Communication was a major issue; they stopped following up or providing direction until I had to call them myself. The nurses and front desk staff seemed indifferent to our concerns.They are the only fertility center in the area making them bully in refusing patients. Laura Smith is one of those who call you on hidden phone number to argue about your honestly left feedback. It felt like they were trying to suppress genuine reviews and feedback. She refused visiting us after we complained about the long wait when appearing at our appointment. I wish there was zero star to choose here. They are a lone star in being evil when it comes to medicine.They play all the games to erase honest feedbacks, like this very review, from public media, but do not know how important it is for me to inform all from their doings. I hope this review helps others make a more informed decision.

Va Fertility & IVF is amazing. We have been patients for years and the customer service is by far the best. From the front desk, to lab ladies to the doctors. This clinic is clean, organized, comfortable and up to date. This clinic made it possible for us to become a family. They are wonderful ❤️

Dr. Williams is one of the kindest doctors Ive ever met. He told me the first time Iet him that he was sure I would be bringing a healthy baby home before I knew it. He was right. Our struggle was only 2 years, and I know many people try for longer, but Im so thankful I saw Dr. Williams. He reassured me and gave me hope when I had none.

The office itself is wonderful with friendly and professional staff! The only concern I had throughout my journey was that I felt communication was subpar compared to everything else - especially in the beginning. I would call with questions and not receive a call back and often get run around with all of the financial questions I had in the beginning. However, now that my experience is complete, my advice for all new patients is to trust the process and to not let anxiety overwhelm you like it did for me. If you are a candidate for IVF, they will go over everything eventually and it may not be when you want it to be, and I had to accept that. After I overcame that, the process itself was smooth-sailing. I am currently expecting my first child, and I would not have been able to accomplish that if it werent for the amazing team at VA Fertility and IVF! Thank you all so much for all of your hard work!

From the moment you walk in everyone treats you like family. From the time I called to schedule my consult, the staff directed me to insurance as my company pays for IVF and I didn’t even know! I wish I could give 10 stars because everyone at this facility deserves it!

We endured 4 years of infertility before becoming pregnant with our first and it would not have been without the amazing doctors and nurses at Virginia Fertility and IVF. Dr. Smith was amazing, knowledgeable, approachable, and caring (as were all of the nurses and office staff.) Everything was explained well, either it be procedure or cost, and I always felt comfortable and listened to. We learned that we had male factor infertility so they even worked with us to get my husband to see their partnering urologist. We ended up having 2 unsuccessful IUIs but were finally able to find a fertility path that worked for us ... happy to say that it worked the first time and were expecting our snowflake baby daughter in November! If infertility issues continue, well definitely be back!

The doctors and nurses are great here but good luck with the insurance staff (specifically Tayler the front desk coordinator, as other reviews have mentioned). We were told blatantly wrong information and when it was proven to be wrong they basically shrugged, tried to avoid admitting fault, and said they’re not responsible for the information they provide even if it means $10k extra for us.It’s a real shame that our interactions with Tayler has ruined what was otherwise a fairly positive experience.

My husband and I started going here after almost 8 years of trying naturally, using clomid and letrozole. We spent two years going here, went through 2 iui rounds, on the third, fourth, and fifth we were pregnant, but miscarried. Each time we tried something a little different as I felt I had to. I was out on progesterone. Our sixth iui led to our beautiful baby boy we had on March 1!I cannot say enough about the nurses, doctors and staff at Va fertility! They knew me as a person and made me feel so important and cared about. They learn your name and make you feel like so much more than another patient. I cried when I had to “graduate” at 9 weeks and start going to my regular OBGYN office. The drive is absolutely worth it.

We came to Virginia Fertility & IVF from Shady Grove Fertility and I can’t describe the improvement in care we received. We didn’t just feel like a number….we felt truly cared for by Dr. Williams, the nurses and all the other staff. The office is so nice and clean and we never had a long wait when coming in for appointments. After one round of IVF we are expecting a baby girl in January and couldn’t be more thankful for all the wonderful care we received. I highly recommend this office!!

I cannot say enough good things about Virginia Fertility & IVF. From our first appointment to graduation day, I always felt immensely supported by the entire staff, nurses, and doctors. The nurses and doctors always took time to answer all of our questions, explain our options, and talk through what would be best for us. Our treatment plan was customized to our specific circumstance and we always felt well informed to make the bet decision for us.We had the pleasure of working with all of the doctors (Dr. Williams, Dr. Goodman, Dr. Smith, and Dr. Purcell) and enjoyed being able to know each of them. Like most going through this journey, ours wasnt easy but the Virginia Fertility & IVF team made sure we had the love and support throughout. They really do make dreams come true.

I love this clinic Dr. Smith is the best she is patient and is really caring.I’m very grateful and thankful for this clinic.I start my process during Covid it was a stressful time around the world but this clinic didn’t stop helping people achieve their forever loves.My son turns two next month and I just wanted to share my experience with these clinic.

We had a great experience working with the doctors and team at Virginia Fertility & IVF. The team was very helpful in walking us through the IVF process and we are now 10 weeks pregnant! Really enjoyed working with Dr. Smith as she provided excellent care and attention. She was very warm and welcoming from our first meeting to our last visit when we got to celebrate our little one growing inside. Thank you for helping us expand our family after several years of trying!

My husband and I began working with Virginia Fertility and IVF in April of 2022. We went through three IUIs as well as a round of IVF and they were phenomenal through every step!Everyone from the office staff to the nurses and doctors were always kind and made us feel so comfortable. We never felt pressured into any decisions and always felt supported. They were very quick to return any phone calls and we were always able to get an appointment to be seen very promptly.Infertility is a difficult journey and we are so grateful to have navigated it with Virginia Fertility and IVF. We would recommend them to anyone who is seeking fertility treatment!

I started my journey with Virginia Fertility & IVF in November 2022. It was apparent from my very first appointment just how knowledgeable and dedicated the doctors and staff are to the success of their patients. They laid out a thorough and well communicated treatment plan, answered all of my questions thoroughly and without judgement. Dr. Williams even took time out of a major holiday to review something on my case and message me with good news. After a successful 1st IUI, I am writing this as I hold my beautiful 2 week old baby girl. I cannot thank Dr. Williams, Dr. Goodman and their staff enough for turning my dreams into a reality.

Everyone on the staff was really kind and knowledgeable. I always felt comfortable no matter who I was seeing that day. I felt like everyone was on my side and truly wanted to what was best for me. By the end of my journey, I had a fairly personalized/unique treatment plan. I wish this clinic also had OB as a service because of how comfortable they made me feel through all my ups and downs.Also, everything at this clinic is so convenient- you never need to go elsewhere for any service. They have blood draw/lab, ultrasound, and even a minor surgical suite on-site. It was nice to know that I could get everything I needed done in one place and (usually) get results either later that day or within 24 hours.

We started at Va Fertility after a year and a half at another clinic. The difference was shocking and make the 2.5 hour drive so worth it. The doctors are all amazing and we especially loved Dr. Goodman. She always took time to answer my questions and I never felt like just a number. I would recommend this clinic in a heartbeat!

I absolutely LOVE this clinic. Everyone on the staff was so sweet, caring and personable. Dr. Goodman is amazing! She definitely made the experience wonderful. We successfully got pregnant after our first transfer and plan to return in a few years for baby #2.

All of the staff at Virginia Fertility & IVF deserve more than 5 stars. I cant thank Dr. Goodman enough for her honest and straightforward communication, and the encouragement we received from Dr. Williams was so needed and valued. Great experience and would recommend to anyone!

We can not thank the staff at Virginia Fertility and IVF enough for making our dream come true! From the receptionist to the billing to the nurses and to the doctors, everyone went above and beyond to ensure us they would do everything in their power to help us! We would recommend this office to anyone near or far. Our drive was just shy of 2 hours each way but the care and recognition you get there is truly the best! Once our baby girl is born, we will be going back for another transfer! Thank you Virginia Fertility and IVF!

My experience here during my fertility journey was more than I could ever ask for. The clinic itself is very nice, clean, and welcoming. Over my visits I saw all of the specialists here (they rotate), but my primary physician was Dr. Goodman. She was very understanding, helpful, and made sure to explain every step in the best way possible. The nursing staff was also very kind. The greatest part about this clinic is that your treatment is up to you. They recommend options of course, but how aggressive you choose to be is up to you based on affordability and how far you feel like you want to go with treatment. I am now pregnant with my first, and if I need fertility assistance again in the future this is where I’ll be coming. Thank you Virginia Fertility & IVF!

Every single employee in this office is so kind and compassionate. I felt very comfortable here and felt like my voice was always heard. I never felt like there was “something wrong” with me that couldn’t be fixed, which differs from other practices I have visited prior to coming here. Dr Williams gave me much hope that we could accomplish our goals and ultimately get pregnant. I also want it say that a few times I had to see Dr Goodman when Dr Williams was out and she is the kindest doctor I have ever experienced. I definitely recommend Virginia Fertility & IVF and am so thankful they helped me become a mom!

Im sharing my disappointing experience with Taylor, one of the billing personnel at Virginia Fertility & IVF. Both in-person and over the phone, Taylors attitude has been consistently rude and unhelpful.Taylor delivers information in a dismissive tone and refusal to help. Taylor blamed me for not checking insurance coverage after exclaiming that most insurance companies do not cover fertility. I had to insist that Taylor check my insurance for bloodwork to which she reluctantly replied with an eye roll and a heavy sigh.These experiences, unfortunately, align with similar encounters shared in past reviews. Its disheartening that such behavior is tolerated at Virginia Fertility & IVF. This negative interaction with Taylor has overshadowed an otherwise positive experience with the rest of your team, who have consistently been professional and kind.UPDATE 12/18/2023: Received a pleasant call from the practice manager to learn more about this interaction. She listened and provided options for moving forward. Im happy to say that she took the feedback seriously and handled it professionally.

VA Fertility & IVF is a wonderful clinic full of really caring individuals! We met with Dr. Williams, and while he was excellent, the IVF Nurses are really the dream team! They were extremely detailed in describing the various processes we would be going through, answered all of our questions, and were extremely responsive and helpful. When it came time for actual procedures, all of the instructions were clear, and their calm and kind demeanor made the experience really peaceful despite the underlying stress.We are currently 25 weeks pregnant thanks to this team :)Highly recommend!!

Exceptional team, beautiful facility. I can’t say enough good things about the wonderful nurses, staff, and Dr. Williams at Virginia Fertility & IVF. The treatment plan was tailor-made to my specific situation and I was offered reassurances to support me at every stage of my journey. The team is professional, friendly, and clearly know what they’re doing. The building itself is so amazing inside — bright white walls with nature pictures and living plants; I can’t express enough how this added touch of live design made me happy to enter every time, even during appointments when I was especially anxious. In one of the most difficult and stressful medical processes one can undergo, I put all my trust and confidence in Virginia Fertility & IVF. They care for you in all the right ways and make dreams come true.

We had such a great experience at VA Fertility and IVF. After lots of upsetting news about starting our family we saw Dr. Smith who reassured us we had options. We are expecting our first baby in August and are so grateful for all of the doctors and nurses who helped us get to this point! They were kind and caring through each step. The nurses were so reassuring and answered every question we had as we were going through treatments. I absolutely recommend seeing any doctor at that practice!

Can’t say enough good things about this clinic. We were previous patients at another clinic closer to home and decided to switch after many failed treatments. VA fertility & IVF were so worth the hour and a half drive for us. We saw Dr Smith but every doctor here is so compassionate and great to work with. We were blessed with a successful pregnancy through IVF cause of them and now have a 6 month old. We will be back in the future to try and grow our family again!

Very caring and compassionate staff. They made me feel comfortable from day one. Can’t thank these wonderful people enough!💗

We love this clinic. We began working with VA Fertility & IVF while living in Charlottesville, VA, but we kept going to them after moving to Richmond and then even out of state. The drive was worth it to be able to keep seeing Dr. Goodman, Dr. Williams, and Dr. Smith. Despite some administrative frustration over insurance, etc.--which I imagine is just par for the course--I felt heard and seen at each step of our treatment process and especially when in the midst of an IVF cycle. Dr. Goodman was especially excellent: caring, practical, never rushed, and with a sense of humor that put me at ease. (I had each doctor for at least one procedure, and I always felt I was in good hands. They even worked with me to find alternatives to some medications I wasnt comfortable taking for other health reasons.) I highly recommend this clinic! The views of the Blue Ridge mountains are beautiful from the waiting room, too.

Hello, I just wanted to Thank you all very much, especially Tara my IVF nurse because I never felt lost on my second IVF journey, Thanks to you all please show this to Dr Williams who with just one phone call gives me all the hope and encouragement to start this journey again, even if we live miles away in FL. We cant thank him enough for our two miracle babies. And Honestly, to all the Doctors, we had our embryo transfer done by Dr. Goodman back in February, we love Dr. Smith who did our egg retrieval 3 years ago, and of curse to the embryologist Dr. Purcell, we trusted you could do this job at your home clinic and decided not to send them over to us but to travel to you all. And to all the staff. You guys did it again and we are so grateful to you all and cant wait to hopefully return to you for baby #3 if God helps us and everything goes well this pregnancy again. Take good care of our last two embryos please and this is not a goodbye, but a see you soon.THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU.

Dr. Smith was always caring, empathetic, and honest with me. After 6 losses, I had all but given up on the idea of ever having a child. But my husband and I decided to try IVF anyway, just to say we gave it our all. Im currently snuggling our 7 month old son and Im still in shock most days that hes here. Thank you for doing the impossible. I couldnt be more thankful.

I under went 2 egg retrievals and 2 embryo transfers and I now have 2 beautiful children. I was even able to do the second transfer protocol from Texas and flew into town for the procedure. I wish I could give these providers 10 stars. I chose them based on their SART stats and it was the literal best decision of my life. Thank you isnt enough. You made my family possible and I will be forever grateful.

I hate to deduct any stars for this practice, as we were seen here for a year and ultimately did have success after multiple failures at a previous clinic. Dr. Williams is hands-down WONDERFUL! We also had positive experiences with Dr. Smith and Goodman as well as the front desk staff.I feel as if the practice has possibly grown so much that the amount of time necessary for the IVF nurses to manage the patient load is suffering. I thought the communication process of leaving messages was very cumbersome. Having more IVF nurses would help to get accurate and timely instructions, as well as receiving compassionate care without feeling like just a number.

VA Fertility & IVF was the first clinic my husband and I received treatment where we experienced empathy from everyone on the staff. Everyone there is kind, but most importantly they are exceptionally skilled and knowledgeable. After many years of failure elsewhere we finally had our precious baby girl. We could not be more grateful to this clinic and I would 100% recommend them to anyone who needs help conceiving a child.

We cannot say enough about Va Fertility & IVF. We started here in 2019 with Dr Bateman and have been privileged to meet Dr Williams, Dr Smith and Dr Goodman, all of whom are knowledgeable and trustworthy physicians. They truly got to know us and supported us in every step of making our dream become a reality. We now have one child and another on the way! The entire staff is personable - after just a short time, we felt more like family than patients. Melinda at the front desk is the best. She always has a smile on her face and will remember you for each appointment. As an interracial lesbian married couple doing reciprocal IVF, no one ever blinked an eye and we felt supported 1,000%. The IVF nurses, Tara and Brittany, are the backbones of this clinic. They guided us through each step with reassurance and patience. While we were happy to be graduating from the clinic each time, we were also very sad knowing that we were saying goodbye to such an incredible group of people. Lots of love for this crew that not only has the top efficacy rates in Va but also has the best customer service.

Excellent professional, compassionate and thoughtful care provided at every visit. Can’t recommend Dr. Goodman enough. She always gave time to hear what I had to say and was intentional in tailoring my care to what I was comfortable with. She answered all of my questions with depth of knowledge layered with gentleness and thoughtfulness. I would recommend this clinic to any friend.

Everyone was extremely kind and seemed experienced in their field. However, their communication and procedures need some work.Multiple times, VA Fertility failed to communicate the approval state of insurance claims (or simply misfiled them), resulting in much higher costs and more headache for me.One appointment was also canceled after Id arrived because they had failed to properly check that their procedures had been completed in preparation for my appointment. And of course they dont have to pay me a cancellation fee!Really wanted to love this clinic, but we hit frustrations around almost every visit.

I started my journey with this group in January of 2022, and this past January (2023), I’ve welcomed my precious baby boy. My experience with the doctors and staff was absolutely wonderful. They made me feel so so comfortable and talked me through everything! I’ve recommended this office to anyone who asks where I went! Thank you Va fertility & IVF!❤️

Everyone in the office is extremely nice and compassionate. The nurses know what they are doing. They always call you back the same day. I never felt like a number. I always felt like they truly cared. I will forever be grateful I found this clinic

Virginia Fertility and IVF is an amazing office. The doctors, nurses and staff are all great to work with. They made scheduling appointments so easy and we never had to wait more than 5 minutes to be seen. They were always so helpful, full of information and we felt like we could trust them 110%.We have been battling infertility for several years and finally took the leap to see a specialist a couple months ago! With the help of Drs Smith, Williams and Goodman, we found ourselves pregnant after our first IUI!I truly can’t say enough wonderful things about VA Fertility and IVF!

I am sorry but I wish I can say all good things about this place. It was my first time going there. I had to call them several times for updates and to find out information. Since my unsuccessful transfer, I only heard from Dr. Goodman once I did tell her I would like to do it again and since then I have not heard from anyone in the office no one has call me to even check on me or even ask me what the next step would be. I was told that last year no embryos were tested for generic testing but all of sudden now they all are being tested. I feel like they just took my money and that was it. I was told it was not my fault for the unsuccessful transfer. But as I look at things i feel like they just took my money and sold me dreams and hope. Yes, I am on fix income but would like to have more explanation into what happen. Its almost a month and no one has called to check on me or even communicate with me or other options and or why I feel like 5000 has gone down the drain and it seems like no one cares from your office. Maybe I would look into Richmond area.

Hands down our experience at Reproductive Medicine and Surgery Center of Virginia was absolutely outstanding. The level of compassion, care, and professionalism is like none other. Each person in this facility takes a personal interest in your fertility journey. From our initial consultation, we knew we were in the exact place we were supposed to be to receive the medical care and guidance we needed. We had a wonderful experience with each and everyone person we worked with during our procedures. As a patient, we felt valued, important, and heard. Our questions were welcomed and answered, while ensuring we felt comfortable in our understanding of every step. Each member of this facility is dedicated to the profession and takes pride in the work they do for others. Saying my husband and I are thankful for these wonderful individuals would be an understatement. We, without a doubt, would highly recommend Reproductive Medicine and Surgery Center of Virginia.

After failures at two other clinics in Virginia Beach, I made the commute to Charlottesville for my IVF treatment and it was the best decision I have ever made. I am currently 34 weeks pregnant with my first attempt at VA Fertility & IVF. Every minute in the car was 100% worth it. I had Dr. Goodman for both my retrieval and transfer and she was amazing. It was so refreshing to be seen by a doctor at every visit and have my cycle based off my body rather than the convenience of the clinic (batching cycles). Shout out to the embryologists and lab as well. Although I didnt interact with them, they have to be state of the art based off the results I got here compared to my other two clinics. I cant say enough how grateful I am to have found VA Fertility. I wish I would have just went straight here.

After a very trying experience at a different office, we reached out to Va Fertility and IVF. They have been hands down the best care I’ve ever experienced in any medical setting. They are friendly, attentive, and follow protocols that leave you feeling safe in their care. Don’t waste your time anywhere else!

If you’re in VA area and struggling with infertility or having trouble expanding your family, this clinic is definitely the place to go!! We had an amazing experience with them, everybody who works there is very nice! All the three doctors——Dr. William, Dr. Bateman and Dr. Smith are very professional and have good bedside manners. They take time to listen to your needs and answer any questions you have! They make a very difficult time less stressful! And the nurses are the rocks of the clinic, they help you through each step of the way! (Shout out to Britt, she’s the best!) With their extraordinary care and help, we were able to get pregnant on the first try and now our precious baby girl is one month old! Can’t thank them enough!!

Virginia Fertility and IVF is an outstanding clinic. The doctors go out of their way to provide you with the best care. The nurses are incredibly prompt and reassuring. The secretarial staff is so kind and helpful. I am forever grateful for the care I have received from this clinic for over the past three years of my life. Thank you for all that you do!!

I had painstakingly for almost 3 years tried to conceive with Womens Health Services (my OBGYN). I am so happy that I found this facility. After only 4 months of trying better, and more advanced methodologies I am finally pregnant. These doctors are high end, top of their field, and by far the best facility I have ever witnessed. I loved all of these people and they surpassed my expectations.If youre struggling with fertility, do not wait like I did. Go to this facility and get treated.

Navigating the difficult journey of infertility was a long process but with the help of the amazing staff at Virginia Fertility, my sweet rainbow baby turned 2 months today! Forever grateful to all the staff and physicians at VFI.

By far the place that made me feel most unwelcome. If you want to conceive-i highly recommend not coming here. I waited 1.1/2 months to be seen for a follow up-only to be contacted the morning of my appointment saying that the doctor cant see me for the follow-up because I didnt perform the suggestions that were given. I had a miscarriage and wasnt able to schedule any procedures-hence the need for a follow up. They were fully aware of this once i scheduled the appointment. Apparently the doctor was not even in the office that day!! So they cancelled me, morning of, for no reason except that the doctor was out of the office for surgery...just excuses. The communication between the front desk and the nurses/doctors could definitely use a little help. After labs were completed-i received no communication on the results-i always had to call them to find out my own results. This office is far from being considered a professional clinic. Please read all reviews and make a wise decision if youre trying to conceive!

Great experience and great doctors especially Doctor Smith she is an amazing doctor. After several unsuccessful attempts at a local hospital I decided to try this clinic and I got pregnant at first try and even though I lost it, Am currently pregnant after a second try and looking forward to welcoming my rainbow baby in a few weeks. Thank you so much and God bless you all for making my dreams come true.

Had a successful IVF pregnancy first round at Virginia Fertility & IVF! Just delivered our miracle on May 12, 2022 at 37w1d gestation. All of the doctors and nurses are personable and professional and always made us feel good about the process! So thankful for this team!

I had a great experience with this facility. The doctors and nurses are all very nice and thorough. The front desk receptionist Melinda was always welcoming and kind. We completed 4 IUIs and 1 round of IVF with 2 embryo transfers. We were successful. The care and protocols are very individualized and after our first failed transfer, I was happy to hear that they meet every week as a team to review failed transfers to see how to improve chances of success for the next one. That let me know that this was a team effort and that my case would be reviewed specifically by the entire team. There were a few times I had to call the physician on call and they always quickly returned my call to answer my questions. Without them, their medical knowledge, and true dedication, we wouldnt be expecting next month. I would highly recommend this clinic.

This was our second experience with Virginia Fertility. It was nothing short of perfect. We worked out all the kinks and learned what hormone regimen worked for us with our first IVF baby in 2019. Making our 2nd IVF baby was a smooth process and worked on the 1st transfer. Dr. Williams is a gem and we are so lucky to have him in this area. His knowledge is incomparable. Thank you for making our family.

Working with the team here was the greatest blessing. We worked together to come up with the best course of action to safely build our family, no stone unturned, no question left unanswered. Every meeting we were greeted with a smile and genuine care and true empathy. We couldn’t recommend them enough, they changed our lives.

Our experience was excellent! Thanks to Virginia Fertility & IVF we have a baby boy on his way in April. Without them, it would not be possible. The doctors and nurses were excellent, and were always available to answer any question we had. We highly recommend this office!!

I wish I could say good things about this office. I’ve never been more disappointed in an office. This office is very over booked, trying to get in for things seemed to be impossible. Everything we did required a “follow up” which meant that we had to wait another 3/4 weeks just to talk to the dr.Our first visit we thought this was the place, everyone was great and welcoming. Don’t let the over welcoming first visit fool you. When asked if we could do some visits via Zoom, we were told the doctor doesn’t do them and will only see you face to face. We were also told that if the office scheduling problems didn’t fit our needs, that we should leave the practice. None the less, we switched to CNY.

I am writing this review for an extremely bad and rude customer service that I received from the billing department, specifically, Ms. Taylor. Her behaviour towards patients is appalling, bitter, and repulsive.The billing department charges patients upfront of the services patients intend to use without waiting for the procedures to happen. The nature of these treatments is such that they are unpredictable and no one knows if the patient will reach an expected stage and receive the service that they charge you for in advance. Not to mention that the treatments are expensive.They charged me for two procedures that never happened and when I asked for a refund, Ms. Taylor, said that they only refund two times in a year. I would like to mention that the amount was $2500+ and I felt that they dont have any right to hold onto someones money if the patient wants a refund. Ms. Taylor also mentioned that they used part of that money for some other billing that I owed without my knowledge/consent. When I asked for more clarification, she refused to give details and became extremely rude over the phone.Later I received a bill in the mail from them for some services that didnt provide a clarification for what is the charge for. I was leaving the town and wanted to take care of my bills before leaving so that I dont forget. As soon as Ms. Taylor saw me, she shook her head rudely and said that she doesnt have time to explain the bill. I have never ever seen a billing person so rude at any doctors office or practice. I understand that people have different things going on in their lives, but it doesnt give them a license to behave/speak rudely with customers.I will never come back to this center because if their extremely poor and rude customer service. I will also warn other patients to not pay upfront for services that they intend to use in the future. All practices charge after the service is done, but this practice charges before the procedures are even done.

I cannot say enough good things about this team. I was a patient of Dr. Williams for several years, part of that time was for preservation of fertility due to endometriosis until we wanted to pursue pregnancy. Dr Williams always took the time to answer any question and address any concern. Once we were ready to try and become pregnant we were presented with options that aligned with our beliefs. When we experienced loss, Dr. Bateman took my hand in his and shared tears with us. We were so thankful that with the guidance of this amazing team we were able to find ways for my body to conceive and maintain a pregnancy. Now we have two beautiful kids this side of Heaven. I have recommended this team to so many and will continue to do so. The journey of infertility is hard, painful, and full of ups and downs- unfortunately it seems like a lot of downs, but this team walks alongside you and treats you as family.

There is only one compliment I can give this clinic. The front desk staff is extremely polite and welcoming. The rest of the facility needs major improvements. After my first visit, I had lab work performed and made a follow up appointment about six weeks later. One hour before my appointment, Dr. Smith called me to say that the lab had lost my blood and the tests had never been performed. She never followed up on my test results until six weeks had passed? She told me that I needed to have them repeated, at the cost of the lab. I went to the lab that same day. Of course, she never called the lab and so I waited almost an hour while the receptionist at the lab called back and forth to Dr. Smiths office getting the details of why they were paying. Then I found out that the lab work HAD been done but she had never followed up and gotten the results. During this time, despite being told by the staff at RMSCVA that my procedures were covered by insurance, I was billed the full price of everything because I was not covered. Dr. Smith (or even a nurse) never called at any point during my treatments to see if we were successful. I never actually felt like she cared at all, only wanted to secure that next appointment. My treatments stopped due to COVID-19 and in the six months since I saw her last, there has been no contact at all except to send me a bill every month. The bill that I have received every month since March was paid by my insurance after I paid an $80 copay. It clearly states that I have a credit on my account, yet despite 4 calls to the billing staff, they are now threatening collections for $27 that they owe me! I hope if you chose to read this and go to this clinic that your luck is better than mine.

Cant recommend RMSCVA enough! All the doctors were incredibly kind and thorough which is exactly what you want when investing this much into growing your family. The nurses were great too and I always had my questions answered quickly. I especially loved working with Brittany, she went above and beyond to make me feel comfortable and always would find ways to help me. We live an hour away but it was 100% worth it for the level of attention and care!!

We have been on a 10 year journey of infertility. About 5 years ago we were referred to RMSCVA and Dr. Smith. She was a breath of fresh air to meet with. We were apprehensive and discouraged about our infertility but she walked us through what it would look like to start understanding our infertility. We left encouraged because we had a game plan. We finally felt like a doctor in this field slowed down long enough to hear us, explain things so we could understand, and give us a plan we were excited about. In five years we have met a lot of the staff and all three Doctors, Dr. Bateman, Dr. Williams and Dr. Smith. Everyone we have interacted with has been genuine, caring, professional and first class. We eventually did IVF and our IVF Nurses Stephanie & Tara were wonderful and made a process that can be overwhelming, very doable and less overwhelming. They were always prompt in getting back to us with our questions and guided us through the day to day tasks. We are now almost out of our first trimester with our son. It is still hard to believe after waiting for so long. We have friends that have gone and are going to other infertility centers out west and Midwest. They have not had as good of a experience as we have had at RMSCVA. The Doctors and Staff have made special little touches along the way that took a scientific proceedure and still managed to make it special and not sterile, if that makes sense. From the card they give you on transfer day with all their signatures to the “worth the wait” onesie we received when we graduated from their care, the small details made our experience memorable. Even the pharmacy they chose to work with, Mandell, is another first class business that goes above and beyond to make your experience great. We could not say enough great things about the office and their team! We are so thankful we lived close enough (about a little over a hour away) that we could go to this infertility clinic. We highly recommend coming to this office!

So far Ive had nothing but a great experience at RMSCVA! Everyone that I have had contact with has been exceptional. Melinda is great! Dr. Smith and Dr. Williams have been excellent! Everyone seems to love what they do and genuinely cares about the patient. I can tell that the office is a well-oiled machine unlike the experience that I had at another local fertility clinic. Hats off to RMSCVA! My goal is to have a baby but if that doesnt happen, I can say that I was treated with care and concern by the RMSCVA staff.

My husband and I have been trying since Dec 2020, and after trying for a while on our own I decided to come to this facility in October 2021 because I felt something wasnt right. I wish I would have started coming sooner because this has been the best experience overall for myself and my husband. We are on our second round of letrozole without any success but Dr. Williams is very optimistic that we will get pregnant within 2-3 cycles of taking letrozole. I pray we do and this journey works for us. I am very happy with my overall experience here and all staff members have been wonderful. The staff is very knowledgeable with any questions I might have about upcoming appointments and or treatment.

There are not enough words to describe how amazing this place is. I am currently on my third successful IVF with RMSCVA. All the doctors and nurses at this practice are so wonderful. Even the coordinators and financial people are amazing. My journey with RMSCVA started about six/seven years ago and completed this past March with my third due in November. I have been so blessed to have found a place with such compassionate people who know that every attempt at pregnancy is important. Thank you for all you have done for me and my family. Three beautiful girls will complete us in November!

Hands down the best team! From the front office staff, the nurses, to the doctors- they have the best bed side manner. They really take care of their patients like they are family! I would highly recommend ! Through our journey I always mentioned RMSCVA. Whether going through a fertility journey or another reproductive issue - they have definitely got you covered!

Went to RMSCVA knowing I would need donor egg IVF. Through the whole process from my first appt in Sept 2018 to finding out I was pregnant in June 2019, the whole staff was amazing! I started with Dr. Smith who I loved and eventually met all the doctors and nurses for various appts/procedures. Everyone was very caring and helpful through the exciting times as well as the disappointing times (unsuccessful first embryo transfer). Thank you to everyone there for this incredible blessing!

I have NEVER experienced a more caring, thoughtful and kind staff. Every single person treats you with dignity and respect. They always make you feel like your concerns and opinions are valued and heard. I had an amazing experience doing embryo donation (receiving a donated embryo) and would certainly consider them again in the future. I would highly recommend them.

The Drs at Reproductive Medicine and Surgery Center of Virginia are the best around. They take the time to listen to your concerns and fears. They explain everything in detail to you and your spouse. We have a 2.5 year old beautiful miracle all thanks to them and currently 18 weeks pregnant with our second miracle. Thank you so much again for everything!

My husband and I received exceptional fertility care. The entire staff including front desk, insurance advisors, nurses, techs, and physicians all demonstrated compassionate, detail oriented care. The small touches consistently added up including, smiles, kind hand shakes, and emails from the IVF nurses to guide medical management, and a kind gender reveal. I felt truly cared for by the team. In addition, the physician team was honest when they guided me through the reality of the IVF process. It was reassuring to know that they were taking every precaution including reviewing the latest research available to guide implantation. I refer everyone I know to this fabulous team. Thank you for the special care you provided to my family.

All I can say is thank you, Virginia Fertility and IVF! Thank you for not doing the kitchen sink protocol when I felt like I was a hopeless case and suggested it. Thank you for listening to my feedback and concerns. Thank you doctors, nurses, and office admins! My husband and I will forever be grateful. ❤️

The treatment and experience we received were like a family, to be precise like my sister-in-law, We have done 7 IUI procedures in this clinic, and all of them were unsuccessful, we asked Dr. Linnea Goodman, what should be our strategy since we failed so many times. She replied, we can do IUI as much as we want since you are paying for it. We were baffled and speechless by the lack of empathy by our doctor just like my sister-in-law.Since I am not a millionaire yet and cannot afford infinite IUI procedures, we switched clinics hoping our new doctor will have some strategy and a warm heart.

I saw three different doctors during my visits with Virginia Fertility & IVF and honestly could not have dreamed of a better office. Everyone at the office truly listens to you and is cheering you on through the whole process.

A wonderful place! The doctors, nurses & staff are all awesome! They have made our journey a smooth process. They also made our Rainbow baby possible. 5 stars across the board!

So grateful to the amazing team here that has given us two sweet IVF babies.

The doctors, nurses, and staff at RMSCVA are welcoming, understanding, and knowledgeable. Everyone did a wonderful job helping my husband and I feel comfortable and supported during a difficult time in our lives. I highly recommend RMSCVA for anyone looking for fertility support. You wont be disappointed in the love and care they provide.

These doctors are amazing! Truly top notch.My husband and I had a long, exhausting, infertility journey. For almost five years I struggled thinking we could fix it on our own and would miraculously become pregnant like everyone else does. I was hard on myself about it and didnt want to seek help. I thought, we both came from such fertile family lines with multiple siblings, cousins, nieces/nephews, why wouldnt it be easy for us to get pregnant?After many failed pregnancy tests, and nights filled with tears, I dug deep within and made the decision to ask for help which led me to Virginia Fertility & IVF. I was afraid to learn why we were so unsuccessful. After some initial tests it was determined that my egg reserve was the problem. My quantity was way lower than it should have been for someone my age, and my chances of a natural pregnancy were low, very low. How could that be possible? I wasnt even 30 years old. I felt beat down and had quite the pity party, but it was right then that I decided I would do anything I needed to become pregnant and create the family I always dreamed of.After more rounds of IUIs and IVFs than I ever thought imaginable, we finally became pregnant on our last round of IVF with Virginia Fertility. We got one egg, and that ONE egg made it through transfer day and beyond!! As I sit here and write this post, I beyond grateful to that entire team for sticking with me and motivating me to keep trying and to work hard to fulfil my dream of being a mom. Two weeks ago, I delivered the most precious, beautiful, baby boy and now our world is finally complete.I trusted Virginia Fertility & IVF with my heart, body, and soul and they didnt disappoint. Thank you for all you do, both medically and mentally, you all will forever hold a spot in my heart.

I wasn’t sure what to expect from RMSCVA. I was referred by an OBGYN. I decided to give them a try because they had an office in Winchester which was close to home, compared to a fertility clinic I was visiting elsewhere. The Winchester office closed just after my first visit and I lost hope. I went to Charlottesville for the follow up and the staff where just amazing. Every single time I went in there, the wait time was so short, sometimes I was out of there within 10 mins. My nurses where on top on their games. When they said they would get back to me they never failed. never once did I feel like just another patient. The physicians took their time with me, very thorough and gave me such confidence in them. They treated me with respect and gave me hope again. The only thing I can say is that, it is not cheap, and the billing wasn’t very detailed, but I didn’t even think much of that. The drive for me was long but the scenery made up for that. I would recommend RMSCVA to anyone. It just takes patience and knowing that, you got a great team on your side.

Very good nurses and doctors always there to answer your questions and concerns. Very knowledgeable. Would recommend them to anyone needing help to achieve their miracles. They have helped me not once but twice to have my miracles.

Two years ago, my husband and I went here for IVF. We did two rounds of IVF that were ultimately unsuccessful based on egg quality. After spending $25000 on these procedures and several months, the last contact I had with this clinic was a technician calling to tell me that my eggs were not viable after the second round of IVF. There was no call from the doctor or anyone else at the clinic that we knew, just a phone call from a stranger. No call to discuss how we were doing, other options or how to move forward. Nothing. No personal care after failed IVF.

I do not recommend this clinic. Despite being told I have a milk allergy, Dr. Bateman prescribed clomid then later letrozole. I got incredibly sick on both, so I researched to find both of them contain lactose. We spent thousands of dollars in IUI, and to this day I wonder if the inflammation from the milk allergy negatively impacted our outcomes.When I asked Dr. Bateman about the lactose in the pills, he proceeded to question how I would know such a thing and then how I know I have an allergy (I have been allergy tested!) He then said it should be fine and we could try again or look at more intense treatment. We have not been back.I felt like I did not receive individualized care. Nor were time critical appointments always available when needed.

Absolutely loved this facility! The staff was just so helpful and very nice! They really helped us turn something we thought could never happen into a miracle!! We are truly blessed to be pregnant with our first child! We can not thank the facility and the staff enough!!!Dr, Laura smith and nurse, Tara snow

Everyone was terrific, and my wife is now pregnant with our daughter, thanks to Reproductive Medicine and Surgery Center of Virginia. Through all of the ups and downs, Stephanie and Terra were always there to guide us. We are so grateful to Dr Bateman and his crew! 10+ stars to all!

I see a different doctor every time I go. Only half of them seem to know anything about my case. Visits rarely last 15 minutes even with an ultrasound before you are out the door. Not a place I have felt heard or cared about. I did get pregnant with my first round of Letrozole but we lost it because I was too afraid we would have the same doctor as my last visit. I am spending lots of $$ but I don’t feel like I am getting anywhere.

Absolutely loved this facility! The staff was just so helpful and very nice! They really helped us turn something we thought could never happen into a miracle!! We are truly blessed to have gone through this service twice, and we were able to gain 2 sweet babies! We can not thank the facility and the staff enough!!! Highly recommend for any fertility needs!

Even during a pandemic, the doctors and nurses treated us like family and helped us through the ups and downs of failed treatments and two miscarriages. Now 20 weeks along with my rainbow baby and doing great - THANK YOU ALL!!!

Dr. Williams is a very caring, understanding, and professional doctor that tends to his patients needs. We had some communication issues with his staff and he made it his duty to go above and beyond to resolve the issue.

Love Dr. Bateman, the IVF nurses and staff at RMSCVA! I received the best care from this team! There very knowledgeable in their roles and all very kind throughout our process!

We especially love Dr. Goodman for her direct and honest communication, and very positive and uplifting feedback when needed and warranted. Thanks, VF team!

They were always very helpful and took the time to answer all questions and concerns. The doctors and the nursing staff were always welcoming and helped us get baby due Valentine’s Day. Without them we wouldn’t be in this position I would definitely recommend them to anyone needing reproductive assistance.

I have been coming here since Jan 2021 and I been ttc since aug 2020 and I am so stressed the appointment when u go is super fast and I ask a lot of questions lol I feel the nurses may get aggravated with me sometimes but like they say u have to be your on advocate for sure! I have seen 4 diff RE DR and so far there all pleasant I like them all dr Williams amazing and dr smith and Goodman live them too super sweet the nurses have treated me kindly so far and no issues with the entire clinic I adore and the layout the girls up front lol there kind to me also I really enjoy taylor I believe is her name she is kind everyone is to me but again I am very calm collected person lol but everyone’s experience is diff I’m sure we all have bad days and they work woth a lot of I’m sore fragile stressed women as myself in this time in our lives but only issue is I’m driving 2 1/2 hours there and back total drive time of around 6 hours and that’s if no traffic jams from wrecks which we encounter frequently but other than that I love this place!!!! I just wish I could become pregnant soon!!!!!!!

The IVF process is full of twists and turns. Its important that the one element under your control -- your medical provider -- is highly capable and kind. Thats what I found with RMSVCA. The doctors and lab are up-to-date on the latest research and techniques. And the IVF nurses are with you every step of the way. I feel confident under the care of RMSVCA.

Excellent professional clinic. I am a particularly difficult case, and Dr. Williams was great, explored different treatment options, and I am currently 15 weeks pregnant. Highly recommend.

Highly recommend this place! Everyone there is very friendly and the Doctors are very thorough. They were able to figure out all of my issues even with second infertility. I am now pregnant for the second time with them.

This place is amazing! From the front receptionist, to the nurses and doctors, everyone was so kind and welcoming. My time spent here was short and sweet, but hey, isnt that what we are all hoping for? I give this practice 5 stars!

Highly recommend RMSCVA. The staff are extremely caring, professional, and in our case very patient and optimistic. I cannot say enough good things about them. They helped make a miracle come true!

Wonderful staff. Very professional, from start to finish everyone made sure we were informed and understood everything, a plan was created and it was absolutely perfect. Thank you!

VF was absolutely outstanding to work with. I wish I could continue to see them and that they were my PCP! Friendly staff, timely appointments, knowledgeable, supportive and helpful!

I cannot say enough positive things about this facility and its staff and doctors. They do such important work and have made a difference in many lives, including mine. I would recommend them to anyone struggling with fertility.

I loved all three doctors! I was sad when I had to transition back to my OB once my pregnancy progressed. I definitely recommend them!

If you are over 35, GO TO a fertility specialist in RICHMOND. This group has limits on the AGES they treat and will not disclose this UNTILL IT IS TOO LATE. The staff is very pleasant otherwise. Avoid!

ABSOLUTELY LOVE the Docs,Nurses,Lab Techs,Secretaries,and the rest of the staff. They ALL make you feel like family

Grateful for the flexibility and support we received at every step of the journey. Pregnant with our first and would highly recommend.

I highly recommend Virginia Fertility & IVF. Everyone was so friendly and helpful. Dr. Smith was amazing.

The doctors and all of the staff are amazing, so nice and always take the time to make sure you understand everything and that you are doing ok throughout your process/journey.

Everyone that works here is super friendly and professional! Definitely made our infertility treatment a easier road!

Most amazing team of doctors and stall all the way around our commute from Montvale Va is always worth it

This was an amazing office. The staff was friendly and the doctors took their time to thoroughly explain everything to you. Highly recommend!

Very good place with nice and helpful doctors and nurses, but the front disk guys were reckless they didnt help us at all.

Wonderful staff. Very kind and patient! Cannot thank them enough for all their help.

Amazing team of caring doctors and nurses. They really made a difficult time easier.

Love this place! Most friendly staff and excellent care!

Always so professional; truly engenders a feeling of trust and confidence!

Attentive, professional and personable. Amazing experience.

I got a negative result

Professionals on every level.